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Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Germany)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Resonate
      music listening and downloading
    • Cinemarket
      video listening and downloading
    • SOUNDSUIT
      music listening and downloading
    • Sound Cloud
      music listening and downloading
    • re3data
      repository of scientific publications
    • LUKSO Blockchain
      IP in fashion industry
    • Goodstuff-Media GmbH
      music listening and downloading
    • BFS Blockchain for Science GmbH
      registration of creation and access to the scientific publications (in future could be changed into platform)
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Bernstein Technologies GmbH
      deposition and registration of any type of IP creation
    • INTEROCO
      copyright protection based on deposition of the works
    • Origin stamp
      deposition and registration of any type of IP creation
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • BigchainDB GmbH
      records on any type of IP transactions, for example, listening and downloading music in the Resonate application
    • European ODR platform
      online dispute resolution
    • license.rocks
      buy & sell any type of IP
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
    • Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection (Bundesministerium der Justizund für Verbraucherschutz (BMJV)
    • Courts
      Regional Courts (Landgerichte) and Small claim courts (Amtsgerichte, except patent disputes). Appeals against judgments of the regional courts are heard by the higher regional courts (Oberlandesgerichte). Further appeals before Federal High Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof).
    • Federal Office for Plant Varieties (Bundessortenamt)
    • European Patent Office (EPO)
    • German Patent and Trade Mark Office (DPMA) (Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt) (DPMA)
    • The Federal Patent Court Bundespatentgericht (BPatGERVV)
    • Collective licensing bodies: Society for musical performing and mechanical reproduction rights (GEMA), Society for the exploitation of neighbouring rights (GVL), Collecting Society Wort (VG WORT)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Spain)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Voise
      storing, providing access to the music and monitoring an access
    • CryptoFlix
      music&video listening/watching and downloading
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Stamp
      repository within of which certifies the creation of the document and prepared changes
    • Stampery BTA
      repository within of which certifies the creation of the document and prepared changes
    • MARAChain
      repository within of which certifies the creation of the document and prepared changes
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • European ODR platform
      online dispute resolution
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism
    • Ministry of Culture and Sport
    • Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Fish and Food
    • Spanish Patent and Trademark Office
    • Courts
      1 instance: Municipal civil court (Valencia, Madrid, Barcelona); Community Trade mark Courts) for Alivante; 2 instance: Province Appeal Court; 3 instance: Supreme Court of Spain.
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      Visual Entidad de Gestión de Artistas Plásticos, Entidad de Gestión de Derechos de los Productores Audiovisuales, Asociación De Gestión De Derechos Intelectuales, Artistas Intérpretes Sociedad de Gestiónб Sociedad General de Autores y Editores, Derechos de Autor de Medios Audiovisuales, Sociedad de Artistas Intérpretes o Ejecutantes de España, Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (USA)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Ujo Music Project
      music listening and downloading
    • dotBC
      music listening and downloading
    • Inmusik
      music listening and downloading
    • Stem
      music&video listening/watching and downloading
    • eMusic.com
      music listening and downloading
    • Audius
      music listening and downloading
    • Breaker
      music listening and downloading
    • CORE RIGHTS
      music listening and downloading
    • PurpleThrone
      music listening and downloading
    • SoundSTR
      music listening and downloading
    • Artoty
      access to the art gallery
    • MPEG LA
      patents pools licensing
    • Vezt
      music listening and downloading
    • Artlery
      access to the art gallery
    • ARTTOUJOURS
      arts buing/selling
    • LookRev
      buying/selling of designs
    • Codex Protocol
      buying/selling of arts
    • PeerTracks
      music listening and downloading
    • CurrentXChange
      music listening and downloading
    • Shutterstock
      buying/selling of copyright objects
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • SOUNDAC
      music deposition and distribution
    • VERISART
      deposition of arts and providing access to them
    • Vaultitude
      deposition of any type of IP and providing access to it
    • KODAKOne
      deposition of photos and providing access to them
    • All Public Art
      arts information deposition and providing access to the arts
    • Patexia
      patent analytics
    • Po.et
      media content deposition and providing access to it
    • Operem
      record on type of IP type of IP
    • Monegraph
      deposition of work of literature and providing access to it
    • Patentprufer
      patent analytics
    • LexisNexis
      patent analytics
    • Loci
      patent research&pre-examination
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Online Arbitration Services
      online dispute resolution
    • RocketHub
      crowdfunding platform for creative projects
    • Intellectual Property Coin Group
      IP market
    • Indiegogo
      crowdfunding platform for creative projects
    • DeMars&Associates
      online dispute resolution
    • International Council for Online Dispute Resolution
      online dispute resolution
    • PledgeMusic
      crowdfunding platform for musicians
    • Kickstarter
      crowdfunding platform for creative projects
    • Patreon
      crowdfunding platform for creative projects
    • Seed Engin
      crowdfunding platform for creative projects
    • National Center for technology&Dispute Resolution
      online dispute resolution
    • JAMS Online Mediation
      online dispute resolution
    • Cybersttle
      online dispute resolution
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • U.S. Department of Commerce
    • Library of Congress
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture
    • United States Patent and Trade Mark Office (USPTO)
    • United States Copyright Office
    • Agricultural Marketing Service
    • Plant Variety Protection Office (PVPO)
    • Courts
      1. Federal Courts and US District Court. 2. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. 3. US Supreme Court.
    • Collective licensing bodies: Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), Motion Picture Licensing Corporation (MPLC), Harry Fox Agency (HFA), Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI), The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Canada)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • SLATE
      music&video listening and downloading
    • VibraVid
      music&video listening and downloading
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Trendit
      storing and access to the creative content (photos, recipes and so on)
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Civil Resolution Tribunal (CRT)
      online dispute resolution (small claims upto 5 KUSD)
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
    • Сanadian Food Inspection Agency
    • Canadian Intellectual Property Office
    • Courts
      1 instance: Federal Court; 2 instance: Federal Appeal Court; 3 instance: Canada Supreme Court.
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      Publishers of Canada (SOCAN), Re: Sound, Canadian Musical Reproduction Rights Agency Ltd. (CMRRA), The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency (Access Copyright).

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Brazil)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • The Brazilian Independent Music Association
      storing, providing access to the music and monitoring an access
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • OriginalMy.com
      repository within of which certifies the creation of the document and prepared changes, as well as signature of the person
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Absent
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Industry, Foreign Trade and Services
    • Ministry of Culture
    • The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply
    • The National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI)
    • Copyright and Intellectual Property Office (SDAPI)
    • National Plant Varieties Protection Service
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      The Brazilian association of music and arts (ABRAMUS), The collection and distribution central office (ECAD)
    • Courts
      1 instance: IP Court (industrial property); District court (copyright); 2 instance: Federal Appeal Court (appeals before decisions of IP Court); State Appeals Court (appeals before decisions of the District Court); 3 instance: Superior Court of Justice (appeals before decisions of the State Appeals Court). 4 instance: Federal Supreme Court (in exceptional cases appeals before decisions of the State Appeals Court).

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (UAE)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • MyWonder Book
      audio story books listening and downloading
    • Anghami
      music listening and downloading
    • Icflix
      video and TV programs watching and downloading
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Absent
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Artiez
      arts buying & selling
    • Art Smile
      arts buying & selling
    • DIFC
      online dispute resolution (economic freezone area in Dubai)
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Economy United Arab Emirates
    • Copyright Department Ministry of Economy
    • International Center for Patent Registration Ministry of Economy
    • Trade Mark Department Ministry of Economy
    • Courts
      ABU DHABI, DUBA, OTHER I RAS-AL-KHAIMAH EMIRATES 1 instance: Emirate Court of 1 instance; Federal Court Intellectual Property Court (Abu Dhabi) 2 instance: Court of Appeal Court of Appeal 3 instance: Court of Cassation; Federal Supreme Supreme Court (Abu Dhabi) Court
    • UAE Copyright Law allows collective management of copyrights but it also provides that the societies administering authors’ rights and neighbouring rights must not perform any activities in the UAE before being licensed from the Ministry of Economy. At present, there are no such societies licensed to operate in the UAE

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Republic of Korea)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • FTBC
      video and TV content watching and downloading
    • Muzika
      music listening and downloading
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • SPERO
      copyrights protection of any type of IP, providing access to it and downloading
    • TOOKTOOK
      copyrights protection for images and emoticons, providing access to them and downloading
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • STAYGE One
      crowdfunding, music listening and downloading
    • GLOSFER
      crowdfunding of music and video, protect and manage copyrights
    • NPER
      protection any type of IP and licensing through smart contract
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism Republic of Korea
    • Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy Republic of Korea
    • Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Republic of Korea
    • Korea Copyright Commission (KCC)
    • Korea Copyright Protection Agency (KCOPA)
    • Korean Intellectual Property Office
    • Korea Seed and Variety Service
    • Courts
      1 instance: District courts 2 instance: High Court 3 instance: Supreme Court
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      The Korea Music Copyright Association (KMCA), The Korean Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (KOSCAP), The Federation of Korean Music Performers (FKMP), Recording Industry Association of Korea (RIAK), Korean Society of Authors (KOSA), Korea Reproduction and Transmission Rights Association (KORRA), Korean Scenario Writers Association, The Korea Television and Radio Writers Association (KTRWA)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Hong Kong)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • SHIJAN
      copyright protection based on time-stamped authentication of any type of IP
    • IP NEXUS
      legal service including advice on IP issues and IP examination
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • HKIAC
      online dispute resolution services for domain names
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      The Composers and Authors Society of Hong Kong Ltd. (CASH), Hong Kong Recording Industry Alliance Ltd. (HKRIA), Motion Picture Licensing Company (Hong Kong) Ltd. (MPLC), Phonographic Performance (South East Asia) Ltd. (PPSEAL), The Hong Kong Copyright Licensing Association Ltd. (HKCLA), The Hong Kong Reprographic Rights Licensing Society Ltd. (HKRRLS)
    • Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development the Government of the Hong Kong SAR
    • Secretary for Food and Health the Government of the Hong Kong SAR
    • Intellectual Property Department the Government of the Hong Kong SAR
    • Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department the Government of the Hong Kong SAR
    • Courts
      1 instance: Court of first instance; Copyright Tribunal (determination of awards, disputes relating to licensing schemes) 2 instance:Court of Appeal 3 instance: Court of Final Appeal

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Japan)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • ASOBIMO
      the service for the further selling of previously bought digital work
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Twilight
      crowdfunding service for creators and fans of anime
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Absent
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
    • The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
    • Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    • Japan Copyright Office (JCO) at Agency for Cultural Affairs
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      Software information center (SOFTIC), Japan Reproduction Rights Center (JRRC), The Japan Writers' Association, Writers Guild of Japan, Japan Writers Guild, The Japan Art, Photograph and Graphic Design Copyright Organization, Recording Industry Association of Japan
    • Japan Patent Office
    • Intellectual Property Division, Food Industry Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    • Court
      1. District Court, inventions - Osaka District Court (east of Japan), Tokyo District Court (west of Japan); 2. Appeals against judgments of the district courts are heard by IP High Court. 3. appeals from the IP High Court are filed with the Supreme Court.

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (China)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • KUGOU MUSIC
      music listening and downloading
    • Kuwo
      music listening and downloading
    • NetEase Cloud Music
      music listening and downloading
    • IQIYI
      music listening and downloading
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Platform Tuke
      Pictures deposition and distribution
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Demohour
      crowdfunding platform, connects tools and ideas
    • Dreamore
      crowdfunding platform, connects tools and ideas
    • Musikid
      crowdfunding platform for music projects
    • Zhejiang Intellectual Property Exchange Center (ZIPX)
      patent trading platform
    • The litigation platform of Hangzhou Internet Court
      online dispute resolution
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Communist Party. (Central Committee, department of advertising, propaganda)
      national Copyright Administration
    • Courts
      1. Lower courts of the people 2. Moderate courts 3. People's courts of the highest degree 4. The supreme people’s court of the people’s republic of China Specialized Intellectual Property Courts (in Guangzhou and Shanghai)
    • State council of China
    • State Administration for Market Regulation Trademark office
    • State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO), Chinese Patent Office
    • Regional IPR Bureau
    • Collective licensing bodies: Musical Art Society of China, Chinese Audio-Video Association

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Singapore)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Music.Life
      music listening and downloading
    • Cyber Music
      music listening and downloading
    • RECORDFARM
      music listening and downloading
    • ZEEPIN
      deposition and providing access to any type of IP
    • SCRY.INFO
      deposition and access to the statistical data (prices, inflation,yield)
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • ARTWALLET
      a market platform that allows IP owners, potential buyers and sellers, and those licensed to merge and commercialize IP assets
    • INK
      registration of any type of IP creation
    • CONCENSUM
      registration of photos creation
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • SurfIP Marketplace
      deposition of information on arts and buying and selling of arts
    • Singapore International Commercial Courts
      registration of any type of IP creation
    • Singapore International Mediation Centre
      online dispute resolution
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Singapore Ministry of Law
    • Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS)
    • Courts
      1. Singapore High Court. 2. Appeals against judgments of the Singapore High Court are heard by the Singapore Court of Appeal.
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      Motion Picture Licensing Corporation (MPLC), Christian Copyright Licensing International (CCLI), Composers and Authors Society of Singapore Ltd. (COMPASS)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Israel)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Revelator
      storing, providing access to the music and monitoring an access
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Wemark
      buying/selling of photos
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Justice
    • Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
    • Israel Patent Office
    • Courts
      1 instance: Highest Court of 1 instance; District court; 2 instance: Supreme Court of Israel.
    • Collective licensing bodies: Collecting Society of Film and Television Creators (TALI), Society of Authors, Composers and Music Publishers (ACUM)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Belarus)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • STRINGER HUB
      providing an access to the video content shouted by the witnesses
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • BELBATENTSERVICE
      copyright protection based on deposition of the works
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • INVESTO
      crowdfunding platform for the financing of the different projects including IP creation
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • State Committee in Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus
    • National Center of Intellectual Property (NCIP)
    • Society of inventors and innovators of Belarus
    • State Inspection for testing and protection of plant varieties of the Republic of Belarus
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      National Center of Intellectual Property (NCIP), Public Association “Belorussia Society of Authors, Performers and other owners”. (License issued by State Committee in Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus)
    • The Chamber for Intellectual Property Disputes of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Belarus
      is a specialized panel of judges that hears and rules dispute litigations as implied in legislation regulating property and personal economic rights arising from creation of intellectual property rights, legal protection and use thereof. The decisions of the Chamber for Intellectual Property Disputes of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Belarus enter into effect after it declare and shall not be appealed in cassation.

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Armenia)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Absent
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Absent
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Economic Development and Investments of the Republic of Armenia
    • Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of Armenia
    • Courts
      1 instance: Courts of First Instance 2 instance: Courts of Appeal 3 instance: Court of Cassation
    • Collective licensing bodies: Non-governmental Organization «Armauthor»

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Kyrgyzstan)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Absent
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Absent
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Government of the Kyrgyz Republic
    • State Service of Intellectual Property and Innovation under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzpatent)
    • Courts
      1 instance: District courts 2 instance: Regional Courts and Bishkek Court 3 instance: Supreme Court
    • Collective licensing bodies: State Service of Intellectual Property and Innovation under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzpatent)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Uzbekistan)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • ABSENT
      Nevertheless, there was identified the service (Avtor) that provides copyright protection through the deposition of the works in the German service (Interoco.com)
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • CROWDFUNDERS
      crowdfunding platform for the financing of the different projects including IP creation (partnership with planeta.ru)
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Justice Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan
    • Agency on Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan
    • Courts
      1 instance: District courts 2 instance: Supreme Court of Karakalpakstan, Regional Courts, Courts of Tashkent 3 instance: Supreme Court
    • Collective licensing bodies: Uzbekistan Gild of Authors and Performers (Non-governmental organization)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Kazakhstan)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • INTELLPART DEPOZITARIUM
      copyright protection based on deposition of the works
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • CROWDSALE.NETWORK
      crowdfunding platform for the financing of the different projects including IP creation
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan (The Intellectual Property Rights Department)
    • National Institute of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan
    • Courts
      1 instance: District courts 2 instance: Regional Courts 3 instance: Supreme Court
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      Non-governmental organization "Amanat"», Non-governmental organization “Kazakhstan society for intellectual property rights management” (KOUPI), Republic public association “Performers of Kazakh songs” (RPA PKS), Republic public association “Union of songwriters” (RPA UOS), Republic public association “Authors Society “Abyiroy”, Republic public association “Kazakhstan Authors’ Society” (KazAK), Republic public association “National Union of Rightholders”, Non-governmental organization “Soundrecorders Association”

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Azerbaijan)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • Absent
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • Absent
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • Absent
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • Absent
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Cabinet of Azerbaijan
    • Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan
    • Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan
    • State Service for Registration of Plant Varieties and Seed Quality
    • Courts
      1 instance: Court of First Instance (District courts) 2 instance: Appeal Courts 3 instance: Supreme Court
    • Collective licensing bodies:
      Non-governmental organization Azerbaijan Authors Society (AAS)

Architecture of rights and objects of intellectual property (Russia)

  1. Industrial
    application and cloud services
    • n’RIS AGORA
      Scientific works
    • FAN
      Social economic data, methods, analytics
    • FUCHA FICHA
      Results of intellectual activities and rationalization proposals
    • 3D
      Engineering models
    • FONMIX
      Phonograms
  2. Ecosystem
    Ecosystem services
    • n’RIS
      Deposit and confirmation of authorship, display, purity of authorship
    • IP VALUE
      Evaluation of past and potential value. Expert evaluation of originality, level of invention
    • ONLINE PATENT
      Online patent filing in Russia and abroad, patent and trademark management system
    • DR&D
      Network of Public Digital Research Institutes
  3. Platform
    Platforms
    • IPEX
      Connects sellers and buyers, ensures movement of objects and rights
    • COFI
      Connects funds and ideas, provides access to financial resources and incomes from sales
    • DIS PUT
      It connects the parties of disputes, settles disputes and gives third-party assessment
  4. Infrastructure
    network of transactions
    • IPCHAIN
      It records significant facts at all stages of the life cycle of objects and rights, gives access to them for all market participants.
  5. Governmental
    regulatory authorities and state bodies
    • Federal Agency for Intellectual Property, Patents and Trademarks
      Inventions, utility models, industrial designs
    • Court for Intellectual Property Rights
      Termination or change of intellectual property rights
    • The Ministry of Agriculture
      Selection achievement
    • Other bodies of authority
      Compulsory licensing. Secret intellectual property
    • The Ministry of Culture
      Introducing norms concerning copyright
    • The Ministry of Science and Higher Education
      Establishing patent regulations